@font-face{font-family:Newsreader Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:200 800;src:url(/assets/newsreader-vietnamese-standard-normal-BjhtXyW2.woff2)format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+102-103,U+110-111,U+128-129,U+168-169,U+1A0-1A1,U+1AF-1B0,U+300-301,U+303-304,U+308-309,U+323,U+329,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:Newsreader Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:200 800;src:url(/assets/newsreader-latin-ext-standard-normal-BQn1nviT.woff2)format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+100-2BA,U+2BD-2C5,U+2C7-2CC,U+2CE-2D7,U+2DD-2FF,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:Newsreader Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:200 800;src:url(/assets/newsreader-latin-standard-normal-s-izfB6B.woff2)format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+??,U+131,U+152-153,U+2BB-2BC,U+2C6,U+2DA,U+2DC,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:DM Sans Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:100 1000;src:url(/assets/dm-sans-latin-ext-standard-normal-oos9povj.woff2)format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+100-2BA,U+2BD-2C5,U+2C7-2CC,U+2CE-2D7,U+2DD-2FF,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:DM Sans Variable;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:100 1000;src:url(/assets/dm-sans-latin-standard-normal-Bf69Tn_J.woff2)format("woff2-variations");unicode-range:U+??,U+131,U+152-153,U+2BB-2BC,U+2C6,U+2DA,U+2DC,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}:root{--color-stone:#eae8e3;--color-blue:#d7e3fd;--color-oat:#f2e0c8;--color-peach:#fbdbd2;--color-lilac:#ebdcf6;--color-slate:#dbe4ed;--color-olive:#dfe4d4;--color-ink:#252525;--color-secondary:#555650;--color-rule:#25252533;--color-underline:#515151;--color-olive-ink:#354634;--color-olive-secondary:#4e604a;--color-olive-rule:#35463440;--color-olive-underline:#5d6b5d;--color-page:var(--color-stone);--underline-weight:3px;--underline-weight-large:4px;--font-reading:"Newsreader Variable", "Newsreader", Georgia, serif;--font-ui:"DM Sans Variable", "DM Sans", sans-serif;--font-wordmark:"Reenie Beanie", cursive;--container-reading:640px;--container-index:960px;--spacing-unit:8px;color:var(--color-ink);background-color:var(--color-page);background-blend-mode:soft-light;font-family:var(--font-ui);font-synthesis:none;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;text-rendering:optimizelegibility;--lightningcss-light:initial;--lightningcss-dark: ;color-scheme:light;background-image:url(/paper-grain.svg?v=2);background-size:180px 180px}:root[data-paper=blue]{--color-page:var(--color-blue)}:root[data-paper=oat]{--color-page:var(--color-oat)}:root[data-paper=peach]{--color-page:var(--color-peach)}:root[data-paper=lilac]{--color-page:var(--color-lilac)}:root[data-paper=slate]{--color-page:var(--color-slate)}:root[data-paper=olive]{--color-page:var(--color-olive);--color-ink:var(--color-olive-ink);--color-secondary:var(--color-olive-secondary);--color-rule:var(--color-olive-rule);--color-underline:var(--color-olive-underline)}*{box-sizing:border-box}body{min-width:280px;margin:0}h1,h2,h3,p{margin:0;font-weight:400}a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}button,a{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}ul{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}svg{flex-shrink:0;display:block}::selection{background:color-mix(in srgb, var(--color-ink) 15%, var(--color-page))}:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--color-ink);outline-offset:6px}main:focus{outline:none}.site-shell{width:min(var(--container-index), calc(100% - 96px));margin:0 auto;padding:48px 0}.masthead{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:32px;display:flex}.wordmark{min-height:80px;font-family:var(--font-wordmark);flex-shrink:0;align-items:center;font-size:52px;font-weight:400;line-height:56px;display:flex}.masthead nav{align-items:center;gap:32px;display:flex}.nav-link{align-items:center;min-height:41px;padding:8px 0;font-size:15px;line-height:24px;display:inline-flex}.ink-link{width:fit-content;position:relative}.scribble{pointer-events:none;opacity:0;width:calc(100% + 10px);height:15px;transition:opacity .14s ease-out;position:absolute;top:calc(100% - 15px);left:-5px}.scribble path{fill:none;stroke:var(--color-underline);stroke-width:var(--underline-weight);stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round}.ink-link:hover>.scribble,.ink-link:focus-visible>.scribble,.ink-link[aria-current=page]>.scribble{opacity:1}.introduction{flex-direction:column;gap:22px;padding:88px 0 64px;display:flex}.eyebrow{font-family:var(--font-ui);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:13px;line-height:20px}.introduction h1{font-family:var(--font-reading);letter-spacing:-.035em;font-size:64px;line-height:68px}.intro-copy{font-family:var(--font-reading);font-size:25px;line-height:35px}.essay-year+.essay-year{margin-top:56px}.year-heading{border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-rule);justify-content:space-between;padding-bottom:18px;display:flex}.year-heading h2{font-family:var(--font-ui);font-size:14px;line-height:20px}.essay-row{border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-rule);align-items:center;gap:24px;padding:27px 0;display:flex}.essay-date{width:82px;color:var(--color-secondary);flex-shrink:0;font-size:14px;line-height:20px}.essay-summary{flex-direction:column;flex:1;gap:7px;min-width:0;display:flex}.essay-summary h3{font-family:var(--font-reading);letter-spacing:-.02em;font-size:32px;line-height:38px}.essay-summary p{color:var(--color-secondary);font-size:16px;line-height:25px}.reading-time{text-align:right;width:56px;color:var(--color-secondary);flex-shrink:0;font-size:14px;line-height:20px}.arrow{transition:transform .18s ease-out}.arrow-back{transform:rotate(180deg)}.title-mark{position:relative}.scribble-large{width:calc(100% + 8px);height:22px;top:calc(100% - 5px);left:-4px}.scribble-large path{stroke-width:var(--underline-weight-large)}.essay-row:hover .scribble,.essay-row:focus-visible .scribble,.next-essay:hover .scribble,.next-essay:focus-visible .scribble{opacity:1}.next-essay:hover .arrow{transform:translate(3px)}.footer{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:24px;padding-top:64px;font-size:14px;line-height:22px;display:flex}.footer span{color:var(--color-secondary)}.footer-links{flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:12px 28px;width:100%;display:flex}.footer-links span{margin-left:auto}.footer .scribble{top:calc(100% - 3px)}.reading-column{max-width:var(--container-reading);margin:0 auto;padding-top:72px}.essay-header{flex-direction:column;gap:24px;padding-bottom:40px;display:flex}.back-link{font-family:var(--font-ui);align-items:center;gap:10px;font-size:14px;line-height:22px;display:inline-flex}.back-link .arrow{width:14px;height:14px}.back-link .scribble{width:calc(100% - 17px);top:calc(100% - 3px);left:22px}.essay-header h1{font-family:var(--font-reading);letter-spacing:-.035em;padding-top:16px;font-size:58px;line-height:62px}.essay-deck{font-family:var(--font-reading);font-size:25px;line-height:34px}.essay-meta{color:var(--color-secondary);align-items:center;gap:14px;font-size:14px;line-height:22px;display:flex}.essay-body{border-top:1px solid var(--color-rule);flex-direction:column;gap:26px;padding-top:36px;display:flex}.essay-body p,.essay-section p,.note p{font-family:var(--font-reading);font-size:22px;line-height:34px}.essay-section{flex-direction:column;gap:18px;padding:36px 0 56px;display:flex}.essay-section h2,.note h2{font-family:var(--font-reading);letter-spacing:-.02em;font-size:34px;line-height:40px}.essay-section+.essay-section{padding-top:0}.essay-sources{color:var(--color-secondary);padding:0 0 40px}.essay-sources ul{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px 24px;margin-top:14px;display:flex}.essay-sources a{padding:5px 0;font-size:14px;line-height:22px;display:inline-block}.essay-sources .scribble{top:calc(100% - 8px)}.essay-table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-family:var(--font-ui);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;margin-top:8px;font-size:15px;line-height:23px}.essay-table caption{text-align:left;color:var(--color-secondary);padding-bottom:14px;font-size:13px;line-height:20px}.essay-table th{font-weight:500}.essay-table td,.essay-table th{border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-rule);text-align:right;padding:14px 0}.essay-table th:first-child{text-align:left;padding-right:14px}.image-comparison{margin-top:10px}.comparison-options{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px 24px;margin-bottom:20px;display:flex}.comparison-options button{appearance:none;color:var(--color-secondary);font:14px/22px var(--font-ui);cursor:pointer;background:0 0;border:0;padding:10px 0}.comparison-options button[aria-pressed=true]{color:var(--color-ink)}.comparison-options button[aria-pressed=true] .scribble{opacity:1}.comparison-options .scribble{top:calc(100% - 12px)}.image-comparison figure{margin:0}.essay-figure{margin:10px 0 0}.image-comparison img,.essay-figure img{border-radius:4px;width:100%;height:auto;display:block}.image-comparison figcaption,.essay-figure figcaption{color:var(--color-secondary);font:14px/22px var(--font-ui);margin-top:14px}.keep-reading{border-top:1px solid var(--color-rule);flex-direction:column;gap:16px;padding-top:28px;display:flex}.next-essay{font-family:var(--font-reading);letter-spacing:-.02em;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:24px;font-size:29px;line-height:36px;display:flex}.next-essay .arrow{width:22px;height:22px}.notes-list{border-top:1px solid var(--color-rule)}.note{border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-rule);grid-template-columns:190px minmax(0,1fr);gap:32px;padding:32px 0;display:grid}.note time{color:var(--color-secondary);padding-top:8px}.note h2{margin-bottom:18px}.note p{max-width:600px}.about-page{max-width:800px;margin:0 auto;padding-top:80px}.about-introduction>.eyebrow{color:var(--color-secondary);margin-bottom:28px}.about-hero{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 200px;align-items:start;gap:48px;display:grid}.about-hero-copy{flex-direction:column;gap:26px;display:flex}.about-hero h1{font-family:var(--font-reading);letter-spacing:-.03em;font-size:52px;line-height:1.08}.about-hero-copy>p{font-family:var(--font-reading);font-size:23px;line-height:34px}.about-portrait{aspect-ratio:4/5;object-fit:cover;object-position:center;border:6px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--color-page) 25%, white);filter:grayscale();width:100%;height:auto;margin-top:8px;display:block;transform:rotate(3deg)}.about-links{flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:12px 28px;display:flex}.about-introduction>.about-links{margin-top:24px}.about-links a{font:14px/22px var(--font-ui);padding:7px 0;display:inline-block}.about-links .scribble{top:calc(100% - 8px)}.about-bio{max-width:var(--container-reading);flex-direction:column;gap:22px;margin-top:36px;display:flex}.about-bio p{font-family:var(--font-reading);font-size:21px;line-height:32px}.legal-notice .essay-header{border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-rule)}.legal-section{flex-direction:column;gap:16px;padding-top:32px;display:flex}.legal-section h2{font-family:var(--font-reading);letter-spacing:-.02em;font-size:29px;line-height:36px}.legal-section address,.legal-section p{font:18px/29px var(--font-ui);overflow-wrap:anywhere}.legal-section address span{display:block}.legal-section .ink-link{display:inline-block}.legal-section .scribble{top:calc(100% - 4px)}.not-found{min-height:60vh}.skip-link{z-index:10;background:var(--color-ink);color:var(--color-page);padding:12px 20px;position:fixed;top:16px;left:16px;transform:translateY(-200%)}.skip-link:focus{transform:translateY(0)}.theme-switcher{z-index:5;right:max(16px, env(safe-area-inset-right));top:max(16px, env(safe-area-inset-top));flex-direction:row-reverse;align-items:center;gap:8px;display:flex;position:fixed}.theme-palette{border:1px solid var(--color-rule);background:color-mix(in srgb, var(--color-page) 92%, white);border-radius:999px;flex-direction:row;padding:2px 5px;display:none;box-shadow:0 3px 12px #2525250d}.theme-switcher[data-open=true] .theme-palette{display:flex}.theme-option{cursor:pointer;place-items:center;width:32px;height:32px;display:grid;position:relative}.theme-option input{opacity:0;width:1px;height:1px;position:absolute}.theme-swatch{border:1px solid #25252538;border-radius:50%;place-items:center;width:20px;height:20px;transition:transform .16s ease-out;display:grid}.theme-option input:checked+.theme-swatch{outline:1px solid var(--color-ink);outline-offset:3px}.theme-option input:focus-visible+.theme-swatch{outline:2px solid var(--color-ink);outline-offset:4px}.theme-option:hover .theme-swatch{transform:scale(1.08)}.theme-name{background:var(--color-page);white-space:nowrap;opacity:0;pointer-events:none;border-radius:6px;padding:4px 9px;font-size:13px;line-height:20px;transition:opacity .14s ease-out,transform .14s ease-out;position:absolute;top:calc(100% + 10px);left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-4px)}.theme-option:hover .theme-name{opacity:1;transform:translate(-50%)}.theme-option:has(input:focus-visible) .theme-name{opacity:1;transform:translate(-50%)}.theme-toggle{width:36px;height:36px;color:var(--color-ink);background:var(--color-page);border:1px solid var(--color-rule);cursor:pointer;border-radius:18px;flex-shrink:0;place-items:center;padding:0;display:grid}.theme-toggle:hover{background:color-mix(in srgb, var(--color-page) 85%, white)}@media (width<=800px){.site-shell{width:calc(100% - 64px);padding:32px 0}.introduction{padding-top:64px}.essay-row{gap:18px}.essay-date{width:65px}.essay-summary h3{font-size:29px;line-height:36px}.note{grid-template-columns:160px minmax(0,1fr);gap:24px}.about-page{padding-top:64px}.about-hero{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 160px;gap:32px}.about-hero h1{font-size:46px}}@media (width<=640px){.site-shell{width:calc(100% - 48px);padding:24px 0 32px}.masthead{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:14px}.wordmark{min-height:56px}.masthead nav{gap:28px}.nav-link{min-height:44px}.introduction{gap:20px;padding:54px 0 44px}.introduction h1{font-size:clamp(38px,9vw,56px);line-height:1.08}.intro-copy{font-size:22px;line-height:31px}.desktop-break{display:none}.essay-row{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto;gap:12px 16px;padding:24px 0;display:grid}.essay-date{grid-area:1/1;width:auto;font-size:13px}.reading-time{grid-area:1/2;width:auto;font-size:13px}.essay-summary{grid-area:2/1/auto/-1;gap:8px}.essay-summary h3{font-size:29px;line-height:35px}.essay-summary p{font-size:15px;line-height:24px}.title-mark{display:inline-block}.scribble-large{height:17px;top:calc(100% - 6px)}.footer{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:20px;padding-top:44px;font-size:13px}.footer-links{gap:8px 24px;width:100%}.footer-links span{flex-basis:100%;margin-left:0}.footer-links a{align-items:center;min-height:44px;display:inline-flex}.footer-links .scribble{top:calc(100% - 14px)}.reading-column{padding-top:48px}.essay-header{gap:22px;padding-bottom:30px}.essay-header h1{padding-top:6px;font-size:clamp(36px,9.2vw,52px);line-height:1.1}.essay-deck{font-size:23px;line-height:32px}.essay-meta{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:7px;font-size:12px;line-height:20px}.essay-body{gap:24px;padding-top:28px}.essay-body p,.essay-section p,.note p{font-size:21px;line-height:32px}.essay-section{padding:30px 0 40px}.essay-section h2,.note h2{font-size:30px;line-height:36px}.essay-table{font-size:13px;line-height:20px}.essay-table td,.essay-table th{padding:12px 0}.comparison-options{gap:4px 18px}.next-essay{gap:20px;font-size:26px;line-height:33px}.note{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:16px;padding:28px 0}.note time{padding-top:0}.note h2{margin-bottom:14px}.back-link{min-height:44px}.back-link .scribble{top:calc(100% - 12px)}.about-page{padding-top:48px}.about-introduction>.eyebrow{letter-spacing:.05em;margin-bottom:24px;font-size:12px}.about-hero{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:30px}.about-hero h1{font-size:clamp(36px,9vw,48px)}.about-hero-copy{gap:22px}.about-hero-copy>p{font-size:22px;line-height:32px}.about-portrait{aspect-ratio:1;width:144px;margin:0 0 0 4px}.about-links{gap:8px 24px}.about-links a{min-height:44px;padding:11px 0}.about-links .scribble{top:calc(100% - 12px)}}@media (width<=360px){.wordmark{letter-spacing:-.03em}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){*,:before,:after{scroll-behavior:auto!important;transition:none!important}}
